Since June 2013 - Governor, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

2012 to 2013 - Assistant to the President of the Russian Federation.

Since 2008 - Minister of Economic Development of the Russian Federation.

Since 2007 - Minister of Economic Development and Trade of the Russian Federation.

2005 to 2007 - Head, the Expert Council, the Organizing Committee for the preparation and ensuring of Presidency of the Russian Federation in the G8 in 2006; Head, the Research Group, the Centre for Strategic Research (CSR).

2003 to 2005 - President, the Center for Strategic Research Foundation (CSR).

2000 to 2003 - First Deputy Minister of Economic Development and Trade of the Russian Federation.

1999 to 2000 - Vice President, the Center for Strategic Research Foundation (CSR).

Since 1999, Executive Director, the Eurasian Rating Service.

1998 to 1999 - Deputy Chairman of the Board, JSB Promtorgbank.

1997 to 1998 - Deputy Minister of Economy of the Russian Federation.

1996 to 1997 - Head, the Economic Reform Department, the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation; Member of the Board, the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation.

1995 to 1996 - Deputy Head, Economic Reform Department, the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation.

1994 to 1995 - Deputy Head, the Economic Reform Department - Head, the Division of State Regulation of Economy, the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation.

1994 to 1994 - Advisor to the Experts Institute, the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs.

1992 to 1994 - Chief Expert, Advisor to the Directorate for Economic Policy, the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs.

1991 to 1992 - Chief Expert, the Economic Reform Directorate, the Standing Committee, the Board, the Scientific-Industrial Union of the USSR.

In 1986, he graduated from the Faculty of Economics of the Lomonosov Moscow State University.